e. Emergency Trauma Bandage. The emergency trauma bandage (figure
5-2) consists of a sterile white pad with an elastic tail and a pressure device used to
apply pressure to the wound. This bandage is also known as the "emergency trauma
dressing," "emergency bandage," "Israeli pressure dressing," and the "Israeli bandage."
It is replacing the field dressing in the soldier's individual first aid kit.
Figure 5-2. Emergency bandage packet (opened) with contents.
f. Hemorrhage. Hemorrhage is another word for bleeding. It is usually used to
refer to serious bleeding.
g. Tourniquet. A tourniquet is a device for compressing the blood vessels of an
extremity in order to stop blood flow distal to the tourniquet band.
h. Combat Application Tourniquet. Combat Application Tourniquet .(CAT)
is a device specifically developed to use as a tourniquet.
i. Distal. Distal means away from the point of reference. In this lesson, the
heart is the central point. The hand is distal to the elbow because the hand is farther
from the heart than is the elbow. (Follow the path of blood flow from the heart through
the arteries as a guideline.) It is the opposite of proximal.
j. Proximal. Proximal means toward the point of reference (heart). The knee is
proximal to the foot because the knee is closer to the heart (following blood flow) than is
the knee. It is the opposite of distal.
k Artery. Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the
parts of the body.
l. Vein. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood from the parts of the body
back to the heart.
m. Casualty. The casualty is the soldier who is injured.
IS0871
5-3
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