9-17. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are infections that are transmitted through
sexual contact with persons who are already infected. They are also known as venereal
diseases (VD) and can be spread by heterosexual sex and homosexual sex. Examples
of STDs are syphilis and gonorrhea. Preventive measures are given below.
a. Use a latex prophylactic (condom) during vaginal, anal, or oral sex when
there is a possibility of acquiring an infection. A condom provides reasonably good
protection against venereal disease for both males and females since it provides
physical separation of the sex organs. There is no other practical mechanical device
that will protect females from contamination by male secretions.
b. Avoid high-risk sexual behaviors. Such behaviors include having more than
one sexual partner; changing sex partners frequently; having sex with casual partners,
prostitutes, or their clients; and sexual practices such as anal sex.
c. Control alcohol intake since it could affect your ability to use safe sex
practices.
9-18. HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the virus that causes acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Presently, there is no cure for AIDS and no
vaccine to prevent HIV infection.
a. Human immunodeficiency virus is contagious and can be spread in the same
way as STDs. Measures against STDs are also used to prevent HIV infection. HIV is
not transmitted through casual contact such as touching.
b. Human immunodeficiency virus can also be transmitted through needles or
syringes that have been used by a person infected with HIV. The virus is passed from
an infected person to another through the blood that contaminates the shared needles
or syringes. Avoid using injected, nonprescribed drugs. Avoid tattoos and body
piercing made with nonsterile needles.
9-19. TOBACCO USE
There are programs established to help soldiers become tobacco-free.
AR 600-63, Army Health Promotion and Tobacco Use, provides the policy and
guidelines. Cessation programs and materials are available from your health care
facility, local preventive medicine service, community agencies such as the American
Cancer Society, and your local public health department.
IS0877
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