PART C:
ANALYZE FIELDWORKS
1. Fieldworks are defensive positions of a temporary or semi-permanent
nature.
They are usually found In forward areas where the enemy has had
time to dig in.
Even in highly fluid situations fieldworks may be found.
Fieldworks include fighting positions (foxholes), trenches, breastworks,
dugouts, bunkers, caves, weapon pits, and weapon emplacements.
2. Fighting positions are the individual rifleman's basic defensive
position. They can afford a maximum of protection against enemy fire of all
types, except direct hits, and the crushing action of tanks.
Fighting
positions can be improved by adding expedient types of overhead cover. The
size, shape, and method of constructing a fighting position varies to fit
existing tactical and terrain conditions.
Fighting positions are usually
dug with the long side parallel to the front, but are distributed around
weapons emplacements to provide all around defense (Figure 2-4). Fighting
positions are sited primarily for clear fields of fire, Concealment is a
secondary consideration.
2-4.
Fighting Positions.
3. Trenches. The standard trench offers much less protection, is harder to
conceal, and requires more time and labor to construct than fighting
positions.
However, it improves communication, control, supply, and
evacuation.
The use of trenches is a command decision. Trenches are the
most common type of fieldwork. The dark shade of the shadow in the trench
itself, and, when newly dug, the light-shaded spoil forming a parapet on
either or both sides make recognition easy. Trenches may be categorized as
follows (Figure 2-5):
a. Firing trenches contain firing bays for riflemen and light automatic
weapons in engaging the enemy.
47
IT 0649
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