(2) Loosen or remove the casualty's boots and clothing unless in a chemical
environment.
(3) Spray or pour water on the casualty and fan him unless in a chemical
environment.
(4) Massage the casualty's arms and legs unless in a chemical
environment.
(5)
Have the casualty lie on his back and elevate his legs (normal shock
position).
(6) If the casualty is conscious, have him slowly drink at least a canteen
(one quart) of cool water.
(7) Monitor the casualty closely for life-threatening conditions. When
possible, seek medical aid and evacuate the casualty.
WARNING
Heatstroke is a medical emergency that may result in death if
treatment is delayed. Start cooling measures immediately and
continue while waiting for transportation and during evacuation.
Section II. COLD INJURIES
9-5.
CAUSES OF COLD INJURIES
Cold weather operations can cause serious injury to a combat soldier. Exposure
for prolonged periods to temperature at or below freezing may cause tissue damage or
a general body cooling that can lead to death. Soldiers, however, may be in danger of
cold injury even when the temperature is above freezing. The seriousness of the injury
depends upon the weather (temperature and moisture), clothing, type of combat
operation, and the physical and mental makeup of the individual soldier. Well-
disciplined and well-trained soldiers can be protected even in the most adverse
circumstances. Soldiers with a history of cold injury are more likely to suffer cold
injuries and should take extra precautions against cold injuries. Cold injuries are most
likely to occur to exposed body parts such as the cheeks, nose, ears, chin, forehead,
wrists, hands, and feet.
IS0877
9-9
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