b. Buildings are divided into three subdivisions based on function. These three
subdivisions are processing, storage, and administration. The image components are
different for each subdivision. Certain buildings in association with other image
components will provide the identity of the industry.
(1) Processing buildings are divided on the basis of relative size into small,
medium, and large. The majority of them are not distinctive, although many can be
identified in association with adjacent image components (Figures A-62 thru A-73).
(2) Storage buildings usually are served by rail lines or roads, and their
images are not as complex as those of processing buildings (Figures A-74 and A-75).
(3) Administrative buildings usually are built to one side of the plant area
near the main entrance and served by walks, driveways, and parking areas.
The
grounds around them may be landscaped and parking areas are provided for small-type
automobiles (Figures A-76 and A-77).
c. Open storage and waste may appear either as piles or ponds. Piles range from
orderly stacks of pulpwood and sulfur to irregular piles or pyrite waste and
Ponds may contain red mud and waste calcium chloride.
This class is
very useful in analyzing an industry (Figures A-78 thru A-81).
REMEMBER:
The image components for complex equipment are of primary importance in
analyzing chemical processing industries. Many of the tanks, both open
and closed, used for storage and processing aid in identification.
Open storage and waste are helpful in confirming the analysis of an
industry. Pipelines and conveyors are especially useful when analyzing
the succession of processes and operations.
3. Petroleum, Oil, and Lubricants (POL) Industries are all processing industries.
Additionally, they are vital economic and military assets.
Fuel, lubricants,
plastics, various chemicals, and explosives are all derived from crude oil.
Petroleum refineries are the prime targets within the industry since oil is
worthless unless processed.
a. Refineries are one of the most complex and difficult targets to analyze
accurately.
Many important image components are small in size, and their
supporting steel frameworks and myriads of piping tend to obscure them.
Furthermore, the analysis of refineries is complicated by the nonlinear flow of the
refining process itself.
b. In the industries previously discussed in this lesson, the flow of the
processes involved has been linear; in other words, each step in the industrial
process followed another.
The arrangement of buildings and facilities in these
industries reflects this linear flow. However, the
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IT 0673
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