SHINTOISM: A Japanese religion or cult respected by adherents of several faiths which includes a
reverence to the spirits of imperial ancestors and historical personages.
SIDE EFFECT DISCRIMINATION: Those practices in an environment which have adverse impact on
minorities and women because they are indirectly linked to discriminatory practices outside the military.
SMALL GROUP DISCRIMINATION: Harmful actions taken intentionally by a small number of
dominant group individuals acting in concert against members of subordinate groups without the support
of the norms or rules of a larger organizational or community context. (Feagin)
SOCIALIZATION PROCESS: An all-encompassing educational process from which values, goals,
beliefs, attitudes, and sex roles are acquired; a life-long process that incorporates an elaborate system of
rewards and punishments from significant others and society in general; the primary method of learning
one's culture.
SOCIAL NORMS: Group and individual patterns of behavior which have been accepted by the society
of which we are a part.
SOKKA-GAKKAI: A nationalistic religious movement which originated in Japan.
STEREOTYPE: A rigid or biased perception in which individuals are ascribed certain (usually
negative) traits regardless of whether they possess these traits, merely because of their membership in a
specific national or social group; (all port) an exaggerated belief associated with a category, either
favorable or unfavorable.
STRUCTURED EXPERIENCE: An instructional intervention in a group's process that involves a set of
specific instructions for participants to follow. These instructions specify a participant's behavioral
alternatives at a particular moment in the life of the group.
TAOISM: A philosophy which enable early Chinese immigrants to react passively to mistreatment in
America.
TRADITIONAL INDIAN: Following the ways of their ancestors as much as possible in terms of dress,
religion, language, beliefs, and customs. Generally these people live on or near the few remaining land
areas where it is still normal to practice an Indian lifestyle. Reservation areas allow many
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